What is required to run a condenser microphone?

A condenser microphone requires phantom power to operate effectively. Phantom power typically provides a voltage of 48V through the audio cable connected to the microphone, which allows the internal components of the microphone, such as the capacitor, to function properly. This power is essential for the condenser microphone's ability to capture sound accurately, as it relies on the ability to convert sound waves into electrical signals without the need for a significant onboard battery or external power source.

In contrast, while battery power can be utilized by some portable condenser microphones, it is not a requirement for all models. AC power is generally used for traditional microphones in studio settings but is not the standard for condenser microphones. Solar power is not a common or practical method for powering microphones and is not relevant in this context. Thus, phantom power is the most widely accepted and necessary power source for condenser microphones, making it the correct choice.