What does the term "scope creep" refer to in project management?

The term "scope creep" in project management specifically refers to the phenomenon where the scope of a project expands beyond its original boundaries without proper control or approval. This usually happens when additional features, tasks, or requirements are added to the project after it has already begun, often without corresponding adjustments to time, budget, and resources.

Scope creep can lead to significant challenges, such as project delays, cost overruns, and a decrease in overall project quality, as teams may struggle to meet the expanded requirements without adequate planning or resources. Effective project management involves clear definitions of scope at the outset and careful management of any changes to that scope through formal change management processes.

Other concepts mentioned in the other choices, although they are critical issues in project management, do not define scope creep specifically. Delays caused by lack of resources can affect project timelines, but they do not relate to the expansion of project scope. Similarly, poor stakeholder communication and inadequate risk management are important factors that can influence project success, but they are distinct from the concept of scope creep itself.